Færsluflokkur: Evrópumál
Ég sótti þennan bækling em er hér neðst í þessari færslu á heimasíðu ESB (http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/key_documents/2007/understanding_enlargement_102007_en.pdf)
og breytti í MS-Word skjal. (PDF skjalið er viðhengi)
Ég biðst afsökunar á því að efnisyfirlit og blaðsíðutal hefur ruglast en þetta ætti samt að skiljast.
Með því að fara á þessa síðu: http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/er hægt að finna frekari upplýsingar og þá ætti líka að verða ljóst hverjum heilvita manni að Ísland fær engar sérstakar ívilnanir varðandi fiskimið eða annað nema þá í mjög skamman tíma. Í þessu sambandi er ég sérstaklega að benda á 'The chapters of the Acquis' http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/archives/enlargement_process/future_prospects/negotiations/eu10_bulgaria_romania/chapters/index_en.htmÞar segir ma.; "...And these rules (also known as "acquis", French for "that which has been agreed") are not negotiable..." Einnig hér: http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/glossary/terms/acquis_en.htm
Munð að fyrir eitt eilífðar smáblóm sem ætlar að lifa í þúsund ár er þriggja til sjö ára undanþága aðeins augnablik í tilverunni.
NEI við ESB - NEI við Icesave - BURT með IMF
________________________________________
During half a century, the European Union has pursued ever-deeper integration while taking in new members. Most of the time, the two processes took place in parallel. As a consequence, todays EU, with 27 Member States and a population of close to 500 million people, is much safer, more prosperous, stronger and more influential than the original European Economic Community of 50 years ago, with its 6 members and population of less than 200 million.
A growing membership has been part of the development of European integration right from the start. The debate about enlargement is as old as the EU itself. Every time the EU accepts new members, it changes. Thinking about what we might become forces us to think about what we are now, and what we want to be in the future.
The 2004 /2007 enlargement to countries from Central and Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean has proven a great success for the EU, although it has been used as a scapegoat for all sorts of social and economic problems in Europe. Actually, this last round of enlargement has expanded the area of peace, stability and democracy on our continent,and strengthened the European economy by enlarging markets, creating new business opportunities and bringing fast-growing economies into the single market. Now the EU is the worlds largest economic zone. The wider internal market and new economic opportunities have increased Europeans prosperity and competitiveness.
The democratically elected governments of the EU Member States, coming together in the European Council, have agreed that future enlargements will concern the countries already working towards EU membership -Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia including Kosovo (under UN Security Council Resolution 1244) and Turkey. Membership will only happen when each one of them meets the necessary requirements. A gradual and carefully managed enlargement process creates a win-win situation for all countries concerned.
The purpose of this brochure is to explain, in a clear and concise way, what the EUs enlargement policy is about and how it is put into practice. It aims to give the reader an overview of how the EU has grown since its creation, where it stands today after having undergone its most important round of enlargement in 2004/2007, and what the perspective of accepting new members in the future is. Above all, this publication intends to respond to frequently asked questions like, Who decides? and How does an aspirant become a Member State?
I hope that reading this brochure will be both informative and easy, and that it will provide answers to your questions about EU enlargement.
Olli Rehn Member of the European Commission responsible for enlargement
A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu/). Information about the enlargement of the European Union can be found on the web site of the Directorate General for Enlargement (http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/). Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication. ISBN 978-92-79-06636-8 European Commission, Directorate General for Enlargement, 2007 © European Communities 2007 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Printed in Belgium
2
From 6 to 27 Member States ........................................................ 4
Who can join? ..............................................................6
Who decides? .........................................................8
The enlargement process at work: meeting the requirements ..................................... 9
Helping candidates preparing for membership ........................................................ 14
The future .......................................................... 16
Article 6 (1) of the Treaty of the European Union The Union is founded on the principles of liberty, democracy, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, and the rule of law, principles which are common to the Member States. Article 49 of the Treaty of the European Union Any European State which respects the principles set out in Article 6(1)may apply to become a member of the Union.
6
8
requirements
The chapters of the Acquis
1.1. Free movement of goods
Once the EU agrees a common position on each chapter of the acquis, and once the candidate accepts the EUs common position, negotiations on that chapter are closed but only provisionally. EU accession negotiations operate on the principle that nothing is agreed until everything is agreed, so definitive closure of chapters occurs only at the end of the entire negotiating process.
Reporting and monitoring
Monitoring continues until accession. This makes it possible to give additional guidance as countries assume the responsibilities of membership, and also guarantees to the current Member States that new entrants meet the conditions for accession.
Turkey 2006 Progress Report,
Chapter 25, Science and
Research
Turkeys research policy resulted in significant-
ly increased budgets for research and develop-
ment: nearly fivefold compared to 2002 levels.
New universities have been opened in 15 cities.
Improvements were also achieved in Turkeys sci-
ence and research capacities including its grad-
ually more successful participation in FP6 [the
6th Framework Programme]. Turkeys success
rate under FP6 improved and is now about 17%.
However, it is below the EU averages of about
20%. In terms of funding, Turkey was mostly
successful in obtaining small projects. However,
EU funding is not achieving its potential.
Taking into account actions that Turkey has tak-
en with respect to mobility of researchers, sci-
ence and society and 3% of GDP for Science
and Technology Action Plan measures, Turkey
is already well integrated into the European
Research Area.
A candidate countrys progress towards the EU depends on how well it implements reforms needed to fulfil the accession criteria. The EU provides support to the countries in their preparations for EU accession.
The candidate countries formal links to the EU may be established in different agreements. For example, Turkeys formal links with the EU are enshrined in an agreement first signed in 1963 (the Ankara Agreement), repeatedly updated since then, and in a Customs Union agreed in 1995. For the countries of the Western Balkans, a special process was established in 2000, called the Stabilization and Association Process (SAP). The SAP pursues three aims, namely stabilization and a swift transition to a market economy, the promotion of regional cooperation and the prospect of EU accession. It helps the countries of the region to build their capacity to adopt and implement European standards. In the framework of the SAP, the Union offers the countries of the Western Balkans trade concessions, contractual relations and economic and financial assistance. Since 1991, the EU has provided some 12 billion in assistance to the Western Balkans, some of the highest per capita assistance in the world. Candidate countries often need to carry out significant reforms to ensure that EU rules are not only adopted, but properly implemented too. They may have to set up new bodies, such as an independent competition authority, or a food-standards agency. Or they may need to restructure existing institutions: de-militarizing the police, upgrading environmental and nuclear-safety watchdogs, or giving prosecutors more autonomy in combating corruption. These reforms usually imply major investments in know-how and funds. The EU offers a wide range of complementary programmes and mechanisms to provide finance and technical assistance in carrying out these reforms. Aware of the challenges that reforms can present to citizens in candidate countries, the EU also promotes strategies to boost public understanding of the accession process, including dialogue between the EU countries and candidate countries at the level of civil society: trade unions, consumer associations and other non governmental organizations. An important aspect of the EUs assistance is strengthening institutional capacity, or institution building, by developing the structures or training the staff responsible for applying EU rules in the candidate country. Advice on implementing the acquis is often provided via Twinning arrangements, in which experts are seconded from EU Member States, or through short-termworkshops. Preparing countries for membership can also mean helping them to upgrade their infrastructure: building solid-waste disposal plants or improving transport networks. Candidate countries are allowed to participate in EU programmes, for example in the areas of public health or research, and may also receive grants and loans from international financial institutions. This experience allows candidate countries to learn how to handle the kind of funding they will be entitled to after accession, also helping to familiarize them with EU policies and instruments. The EU has created a new financing instrument to fund its assistance to countries on their way to membership, including a range of incentives and conditions to ensure the best use of EU money. This single Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA), in force since 1 January 2007, is a simplification of the EUs previous wide range of support programmes, like Phare, CARDS or SAPARD. In particular, IPA will help strengthen democratic institutions and the rule of law, reform public administration, carry out economic reforms, promote respect for human as well as minority rights and gender equality, support the development of civil society and advance regional co-operation, and contribute to sustainable development and poverty reduction. For candidate countries, the additional objective is the adoption and implementation of the full requirements for membership. IPA will provide a total of 11,468 million at current prices over 20072013, with precise allocations decided year by year.
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Indicative Financial Framework for the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance until 2010 ( million, current prices) | ||||
2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | |
Turkey | 497.2 | 538.7 | 566.4 | 653.7 |
Croatia | 138.5 | 146.0 | 151.2 | 154.2 |
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia | 58.5 | 70.2 | 81.8 | 92.3 |
Serbia | 186.7 | 190.9 | 194.8 | 198.7 |
Montenegro | 31.4 | 32.6 | 33.3 | 34.0 |
Kosovo | 68.3 | 64.7 | 66.1 | 67.3 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 62.1 | 74.8 | 89.1 | 106.0 |
Albania | 61.0 | 70.7 | 81.2 | 93.2 |
Total | 1260.2 | 1383.3 | 1480.4 | 1621.7 |
The future
Future enlargements will concern the countries of south-eastern Europe. It is in the best interest of all of Europe to promote democratic transformation in the Western Balkan countries and Turkey and to consolidate stability. In December 2006, the European Council renewed its consensus on enlargement. The EU has taken the concerns of its citizens about the pace of enlargement seriously. Enlargement policy is based on consolidation. This means that the EU honors existing commitments towards countries already in the process, but is cautious about assuming any new commitments. Rigorous conditionality is applied to all candidate and potential candidate countries. Their possible dates of accession depend on their progress with political and economic reforms as well as compliance with the EU body of laws. Each country will be judged on its own merits.
16 For enlargement to be a success, it is essential to secure the support of citizens both in the EU Member States and in the candidate and potential candidate countries. It is important to better communicate the successes and challenges of enlargement, in order to gain public support and make growing together a common project. The accession of Bulgaria and Romania in January 2007 completed the EUs fifth round of enlargement, which began in 2004 and increased the number of EU Member States from 15 to 27. There is no similar big enlargement wave ahead in the foreseeable future. The EU should continue to grow at a pace to be determined by its own citizens and the progress of candidate countries in fulfilling the requirements. The European Unions nature is dynamic. Much has been achieved in recent years, and the journey continues. The Union is committed to keeping the negotiations on track. In the process of integrating new members, together we will work towards increasing prosperity and security while enhancing solidarity.
Both the EU and the countries involved stand to benefit from the transforming power of the process leading to accession.
The History of the Process
1957 Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands sign the Treaty of Rome and establish the European Economic Community (EEC).
1963 Ankara Agreement signed with Turkey.
1973 Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom join the EC.
1981 Greece joins the EC.
1986 Spain and Portugal join the EC.
1987 Turkey applies to join the EC.
1990 Following reunification of Germany, integration of the former German Democratic Republic.
1993 Copenhagen European Council agrees the accession criteria.
1995 Austria, Finland and Sweden join the EU.
Customs Union with Turkey.
1999 Helsinki European Council confirms Turkey as a candidate country.
2000 The Zagreb summit confirms full commitment to the Stabilisation and Association Process by countries in the Western Balkans.
2003 Croatia applies to join the EU.
The Thessaloniki summit reaffirms the EUs commitment to eventual integration into the Union of the countries of the Western Balkans.
2004 Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia join the EU.
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia applies to join the EU.
2005 Opening of accession negotiations with Turkey and Croatia.
Screening starts for Turkey and Croatia.
2006 Opening and provisional closure of the first chapter of negotiations with Croatia and Turkey.
2007 January: Bulgaria and Romania become EU Member States.
You will find more information on enlargement on the website of the Directorate General for Enlargement of the European Commission. http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/
NI78-07-352-EN-C
Evrópumál | 29.8.2010 | 02:13 | Slóð | Facebook | Athugasemdir (0)
Due to my raging anger towards the British and Dutch governments, and by association the European Union and the International Monetary Fund, for their blatant attempt to force my nation into submission. I feel compelled to translate and publish a statement from The Coalition for the Sovereignty of Iceland (Samtök Fullveldissinna, www.fullvalda.is), so that all peoples the world over will know what is being done to a small nation of 320,000 inhabitants, against the will of the majority.
Be it duly noted that I do this without anyones leave and entirely on my own.
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The board of the Coalition for the Sovereignty of Iceland has agreed upon the following statement.
The government's guarantee of deposits in the Icesave accounts of Landsbankinn in Britain and Holland is in violation of the rules governing the insurance of deposits in the whole of the European Economic Community at the time when Landsbankinn became insolvent. The demand for such a guaranee is an attempt by the British government and the EU to blackmail the Icelandic people. If the Althing agrees to place even more burdens on the nation than was done last summer then the Althing does not have what it takes to protect the wellbeing of the Icelandic nation and should be dissolved and the representatives sent home so an election could be called. -*Dated: November 27, 2009Evrópumál | 29.11.2009 | 05:04 (breytt 30.11.2009 kl. 00:55) | Slóð | Facebook | Athugasemdir (13)
Vegna hinnar hörmulegu niðurstöðu sem varð í kosningum Íra um Lissabonsáttmálann vil ég benda áhugasömum lesendum á þá fyrirstöðu sem enn er á því að sáttmálinn taki gildi:
Sýnið hug ykkar og stuðning:
Support Vaclav Klaus! Stop the Lisbon Treaty! á Facebook.
og undirskriftalisti til stuðnings forsetanum: Sign the petition in support of Vaclav Klaus!
ÁFRAM ÍSLAND
NEI við ESB - NEI við Icesave - NEI við AGS
Styðjum Samtök Fullveldissinna
http://www.fullvalda.is
http://fullvalda.blog.is/blog/fullvalda/
Aukinn þrýstingur á Tékklandsforseta | |
Tilkynna um óviðeigandi tengingu við frétt |
Evrópumál | 4.10.2009 | 19:04 (breytt 5.10.2009 kl. 01:59) | Slóð | Facebook | Athugasemdir (1)
Það eina sem ríkisstjórnin hugsa um er hvernig þau geti sem best hugnast AGS og Brüssel, Þeim virðist vera slétt sama um afkomu þjóðarinnar og fullveldi.
Við eigum ekki að borga Icesave rugl óráðsíumanna og þaðan af síður taka eyri að láni frá AGS sem er þjónustuaðili alþjóðabankamafíunnar og arðránsfyrirtækja á borð við Rio Tinto og Wal-Mart.
Hlustið á viðtölin við Guðmund Franklin Jónsson sem hefur lög að mæla eins og líka Webster Tarpley rithöfundur - These tvo (Guðmundur Franklin & Webster Tarpley) are giving good advice if only our government would listen or better still RESIGN!
http://dagskra.ruv.is/sjonvarpid/4472535/2009/09/27/1/
http://dagskra.ruv.is/sjonvarpid/4472535/2009/09/27/4/
Við sem þjóð getum vel staðið á eigin fótum, byggt upp atvinnulíf, eflt okkar góða sveigjanlega gjaldeyri og átt samstarf við þær þjóðir sem ekki hafa það að keppikefli að troða okkur niður í svað skulda og niðurlægingar.
Þá fyrst er hin íslenska þjóð niðurlægð ef hún gengst undir skuldaklafa Icesave, Alþjóða Gjaldeyrissjóðsins og missir fullveldið til ESB.
ÁFRAM ÍSLAND
NEI við ESB - NEI við Icesave - NEI við AGS
Styðjum Samtök Fullveldissinna
http://www.fullvalda.is
http://fullvalda.blog.is/blog/fullvalda/
Evrópumál | 28.9.2009 | 03:28 (breytt 29.9.2009 kl. 00:09) | Slóð | Facebook | Athugasemdir (2)
Ef marka má grein á Eyjan.is þá íhuga Jóka og skalla-Grímsi að setja bráðabirgðalög um ríkisábyrgðina vegna Icesave.
Sjá eyjan.is: "Icesave: Heggur ríkisstjórnin á hnútinn með bráðabirgðalögum?"
Er hægt að leggjast lægra en að lítilsvirða lýð og þingræði Íslendinga til þess að þóknast þúsundára nýlenduveldi ESB sem hefur nú sagt skilið við vélbyssur Adolfs heitins en beitir í þess stað efnahagslegum kúgunum til að knésetja minni máttar og innlima undir sína stjórn.
ÁFRAM ÍSLAND
NEI við ESB - NEI við Icesave
Styðjum Samtök Fullveldissinna
http://www.fullvalda.is
http://fullvalda.blog.is/blog/fullvalda/
Evrópumál | 19.9.2009 | 01:04 (breytt kl. 23:16) | Slóð | Facebook | Athugasemdir (16)
Er það ekki augljóst að þar sem Bretar og Hollendingar hafa hafnað einum lið fyrirvaranna um ríkisábyrgð vegna Icesave samningsins þá er þessum fyrirvörum hafnað í heild og að semja ber á ný um Icesave skuldbindingar þjóðarinnar.
Ríkisstjórnin hefur ekkert leyfi til að breyta ákvörðunum Alþingis án þess að málið í heild verði tekið til umfjöllunar á þingi. Alþingi ber augljóslega að krefjast þess að Icesave samningur Svavars Gestssonar og félaga verði ógiltur og samið verði upp á nýtt ella fari málið fyrir dómstóla sem skeri úr um ábyrgð þjóðarinnar á gerðum þeirra óráðsíumanna sem hér réðu ríkjum þegar 'Hrunið' varð.
Sjá líka blogg Gests Guðjónssonar um "Furðulega vanþekking forsætis- og fjármálaráðherra á stjórnskipun landsins".
ÁFRAM ÍSLAND
NEI við ESB - NEI við Icesave
Styðjum Samtök Fullveldissinna
http://www.fullvalda.is
http://fullvalda.blog.is/blog/fullvalda/
Icesave rætt í þingnefndum | |
Tilkynna um óviðeigandi tengingu við frétt |
Evrópumál | 18.9.2009 | 12:18 (breytt kl. 14:46) | Slóð | Facebook | Athugasemdir (2)
Kannski ríkisstjórnin geti núna snúið sér að því að hafa hendur í hári þeirra sem raunverulega stálu þjóðarærunni fyrst henni virðist vera að takast að selja þjóðina í ánauð hjá Evrópubandalaginu með Breta og Hollendinga i forustu þrælahaldaranna.
Mér sýnist Sjálfstæðisflokkurinn og Borgarahreyfingin ætli að gera sig samsek um þessi landráð.
ÁFRAM ÍSLAND
NEI við ESB - NEI við Icesave
Styðjum Samtök Fullveldissinna
http://www.fullvalda.is
http://l-listinn.blog.is/blog/l-listinn/
Evrópumál | 15.8.2009 | 21:44 (breytt kl. 21:44) | Slóð | Facebook | Athugasemdir (0)
Egill Helgason birti í gær á Eyjunni texta sem sagður er vera fyrirvararnir sem fjárlaganefnd fjallar um í dag.
Sjá hér: http://eyjan.is/silfuregils/2009/08/13/fyrirvararnir-sem-eru-raeddir-i-fjarlaganefnd/
Ég er nú ekki lögfræðingur en virðist þessir fyrirvarar sýndarmennska, þarna kemur meðal annars ekki fram hve Icesave lánið er hátt.
Myndir þú lesandi góður skrifa upp á lán án þess að vita upphæð skuldbindingarinnar?
ÁFRAM ÍSLAND
NEI við ESB - NEI við Icesave
Styðjum Samtök Fullveldissinna
http://www.fullvalda.is
http://l-listinn.blog.is/blog/l-listinn/
Evrópumál | 14.8.2009 | 15:09 | Slóð | Facebook | Athugasemdir (3)
Eftir þessari frétt að dæma eru andstæðingar þess í VG að Icesave samningurinn verði samþykktur í óbreyttri mynd að guggna fyrir ofríki Jóku og Grímsa.
"Þó náðst hefði sátt meðal ríkisstjórnarflokkanna um fyrirvarana sagði Guðbjartur Hannesson, formaður nefndarinnar, " segir í frétt MBL
Það virðis sem sagt að nú eigi að selja okkur og komandi kynslóðir í ánauð til þess að eiga greiðari aðgang á þrælastokk Evrópubandalagsins.
Hvað ætli Ögmundur og kó hafi fengið í staðinn fyrir að lúffa í þessu stórmáli sem IceSlave samningurinn er?
Veit þetta fólk ekki að það er að fótumtroða mannréttindi barnanna okkar og skrumskæla lýðræðið.
Eftir kvöldfréttum RÚV að dæma eru þeir fyrirvarar sem nú á að samþykkja máttlausir og einskis nýtir til varnar þjóðinni, enda staðfesti Jóka það í viðtali við fréttamann RÚV.
ÁFRAM ÍSLAND
NEI við ESB - NEI við Icesave
Styðjum Samtök Fullveldissinna
http://www.fullvalda.is
http://l-listinn.blog.is/blog/l-listinn/
Ekki breið samstaða um fyrirvara | |
Tilkynna um óviðeigandi tengingu við frétt |
Evrópumál | 14.8.2009 | 01:20 | Slóð | Facebook | Athugasemdir (2)
Börn Íslands hafa boðað til mótmæla á Austurvelli miðvikudaginn 12. ágúst frá 17:00 - 18:00.
Nánari upplýsingar auglýstar síðar.
Breytt dagsetning
Til þeirra sem hafa staðfest komu sína.
Fundi Barna Íslands hefur verið flutt yfir á fimmtudaginn 13. ágúst og verður hluti af samstöðufundi InDefence.
Nánari upplýsingar um dagskrá koma á event síðuna seinna.
Ég hvet sem flesta til að mæta og bið fólk að láta þetta berast
Evrópumál | 9.8.2009 | 23:59 (breytt 10.8.2009 kl. 15:13) | Slóð | Facebook | Athugasemdir (3)